Historica Evolutio Stationum Hydroelectricarum

Historica Evolutio Stationum Hydroelectricarum

In early impact turbines, much kinetic energy was lost when water struck the blades, resulting in low efficiency. In 1889, American engineer Pelton invented the Pelton turbine, featuring streamlined constricting nozzles that efficiently convert hydraulic energy into high-velocity jet kinetic energy. The world’s largest single-jet Pelton turbine, installed in 1980 at the Sisim Power Station in Norway, has a unit capacity of 315 MW, a head of 885 m, and operates at 300 rpm. The highest-head Pelton turbine, installed in 1959 at the Reiskberg Power Station in Austria, has a unit capacity of 22.8 MW, a head of 1763.5 m, and operates at 750 rpm.

In annis 1980, machina turbinis palmarum maxima mundi fabricata est ab Officina Machinarum Electricarum Orientalium Sinica et installata est in Statione Electrica Gezhouba in cursu medio Fluminis Iangtse in Sinis. Potentia eius solitaria erat 170 MW, altitudo capitis 18.6 metra, et velocitas 54.6 rpm. Diameter rotae erat 11.3 metra et in usum venit anno 1981. Turbina hydroelectrica altissimi capitis mundi installata est in Statione Electrica Nambia in Italia. Altitudo capitis aquae erat 88.4 metra, potentia eius solitaria 13.5 MW, et velocitas 375 rpm. In usum venit anno 1959.

Turbina Francis cum maximo capite in mundo installata est in Centrali Electrica Rossheike in Austria. Caput eius est 672 metra et potentia unitatis solitariae est 58,4 MW. Anno 1967 in operationem data est. Turbina Francis cum maxima potentia et magnitudine installata est in Centrali Electrica Daguli No. 3 in Civitatibus Foederatis. Potentia sua solitaria est 700 MW, diameter rotulae est circiter 9,75 metra, caput est 87 metra, et velocitas est 85,7 rpm. Anno 1978 in operationem data est.